Q3 2023 10X Genomics Inc Earnings Call
Participants
Cassie Corneau; Manager of IR and Strategic Finance; 10x Genomics, Inc.
Justin J. McAnear; CFO; 10x Genomics, Inc.
Serge Saxonov; Co-Founder, CEO & Director; 10x Genomics, Inc.
Daniel Anthony Arias; MD & Senior Analyst; Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, Research Division
Daniel Gregory Brennan; MD and Senior Tools & Diagnostics Analyst; TD Cowen, Research Division
John Newton Sourbeer; Equity Research Associate; UBS Investment Bank, Research Division
Justin D. Bowers; Research Associate; Deutsche Bank AG, Research Division
Kyle Alexander Mikson; Director & Senior Equity Research Analyst; Canaccord Genuity Corp., Research Division
Mason Owen Carrico; Research Analyst; Stephens Inc., Research Division
Michael Leonidovich Ryskin; MD & Research Analyst; BofA Securities, Research Division
Patrick Bernard Donnelly; Senior Analyst; Citigroup Inc., Research Division
Rachel Marie Vatnsdal Olson; Analyst; JPMorgan Chase & Co, Research Division
Salem Salem; Research Analyst; Barclays Bank PLC, Research Division
Tejas Rajeev Savant; Equity Analyst; Morgan Stanley, Research Division
Unidentified Analyst
Presentation
Operator
Thank you for standing by. My name is Aaron, and I will be your conference operator for today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the 10x Genomics Third Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. (Operator Instructions)
I would now like to turn our call over to Cassie Corneau, Director of Investor Relations and Strategic Finance. Please go ahead.
Cassie Corneau
Thank you, and good afternoon, everyone. Earlier today, 10x Genomics released financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2023. If you have not received this news release or if you would like to be added to the company's distribution list, please send an e-mail to investors@10xgenomics.com. An archived webcast of this call will be available on the Investor tab of the company's website, 10xgenomics.com, for at least 45 days following this call.
Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that management will make statements during this call that are forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal securities laws. These statements involve material risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results or events to materially differ from those anticipated, and you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.
Additional information regarding these risks, uncertainties and factors that could cause results to differ appears in the press release 10x Genomics issued today and in the documents and reports filed by 10x Genomics from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 10x Genomics disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any financial projections or forward-looking statements whether because of new information, future events or otherwise.
Joining the call today are Serge Saxonov, our CEO and Co-Founder; and Justin McAnear, our Chief Financial Officer. We will host a question-and-answer session after our prepared remarks. We ask analysts to please keep to 1 question and 1 follow-up so that we may accommodate everyone in the queue.
With that, I will now turn the call over to Serge.
Serge Saxonov
Thanks, Cassie, and good afternoon, everyone. On today's call, I will begin with a brief overview of our third quarter performance and update you on our progress across each platform. Then Justin will provide a more detailed look at our financials, business trends and updated outlook for the remainder of the year. After that, we'll open it up for your questions.
Revenue increased 17% year-over-year to $154 million in the third quarter. Our results were once again driven by Xenium as we continue to ramp operations and drive exceptional demand with researchers worldwide. We achieved strong growth despite continued headwinds in China and excluding China, our growth exceeded 20% during the quarter.
Just like 10x catalyzed the single cell revolution, we're now offering in a new era of genomic analysis with Xenium. Our mission is bigger than any one technology or any one platform. Our goal has always been to provide scientists with new generations of tools to measure biology at the right resolution and scale. That is why we have invested in our 3 platforms. That is why we have invested in foundations: our innovation engine, commercial breadth and manufacturing scale. And that is why we firmly believe we're still just getting started.
Now let me share more about each platform. I'd intentionally like to start today with Xenium, which we believe is the best performing platform for in situ analysis. In the third quarter, revenue from our spatial products exceeded $36 million, largely driven by the accelerated adoption and operational ramp of our Xenium platform.
It's worth pausing here for a moment. Very few platforms ever achieved the type of success that our team has accomplished with Xenium in just the first 3 quarters of launch. Its steep adoption curve has put it on a truly special trajectory, likely among the best in life sciences history.
We have always believed that Xenium has the potential to be one of the most transformative technologies in our industry in decades, which is why we deliberately brought the whole company effort and focus through its development and commercialization. Our R&D teams work incredibly hard to build a high-performance system that just works in researchers' hands. Our operations teams put an incredible efforts to enable the manufacturing ramp. And we made the Xenium launch our top commercial priority this year.
Now that we have awesome traction with our customers, it's clear those efforts are paying off. It's been extremely energizing to see results start pouring out from our customers, showing how they are using Xenium in their own labs. For example, a team from Duke University recently published a study fueled by Xenium that sheds light on resistance mechanisms in a model of lethal pediatric brain tumors. We're thrilled to see how quickly researchers can go from initial install to groundbreaking results with Xenium, demonstrating the utility and ease of use of the platform.
In addition, researchers at the University of Adelaide recently published the first side-by-side comparison of Xenium and another platform. This is the first public study to compare data run by a customer on adjacent tissue sections in their own lab with commercially available instruments. Across the board, the results are striking, validating Xenium's superiority and supporting our own analysis.
This is the first real-world evidence generated by customers for customers that show Xenium delivers better sensitivity, the best specificity, the highest throughput, the best workflow, the best data analysis and much more. Most importantly, Xenium shines in biological comparisons delivering better cell typing, better spatiality and better expression marker identification. This data is strongly consistent with the resounding feedback we hear from Xenium customers around the world and gives researchers confidence that Xenium is clearly the right choice for in situ analysis.
Q3 demonstrated the continued progress we are making with Xenium across all fronts. Commercially, Xenium's differentiated features, great workflow and superior performance drove strong instrument demand among researchers worldwide. It's especially rewarding to our customers who are already running Xenium in their own labs order more instruments. We're also pleased to see customers make the switch from other in situ platforms to take advantage of Xenium's performance.
On the operations side, we've continued to quickly ramp production to meet growing customer demand. As we previously announced, we surpassed 100 cumulative Xenium shipments in August, only 8 months after launch. We've continued to deliver on the R&D front, too.
In Q3, we introduced 3 new targeted gene panels, launched a 480-plex fully custom gene panel and deployed new on- and off-board software to unlock our highest sensitivity and throughput yet. With well over half of our panel orders containing some level of customization, we also launched the Xenium panel designer, a self-service website that makes it easier for researchers to design custom panels to answer their specific research questions.
We engineered Xenium to optimize performance, not only at launch but also for the long term. We are already executing on an extensive multiyear product development roadmap designed to enable powerful research applications and build on Xenium's class-leading performance.
In early 2024, we expect to launch a powerful new cell segmentation capability that multimodal and includes interior and membrane stains. Mid next year, we plan to launch 5,000 plex gene panels for models and human tissues that run in days, not weeks, and deliver high levels of specificity, sensitivity and throughput.
We're also developing an inline high-plex protein assay to combine with the RNA assays on the exact same tissue section, which we also intend to introduce next year. This will extend existing protein capabilities on Xenium beyond and immunofluorescence-based measurements.
All in, Q3 was a remarkable quarter for Xenium, strong demand and resounding enthusiasm from researchers reinforce our conviction that the spatial biology opportunity is at least as large as anything in the history of the industry. Our current position and our roadmap going forward, give us confidence that we will realize the full potential of this opportunity.
Now turning to Visium, which we see as the leading NGS-based spatial technology. CytAssist continues to resonate well with customers who benefit from a better vision workflow and better data. While demand for CytAssist moderated in Q3 relative to a strong launch quarter in the prior year period, we see a long runway for placements. There are thousands of customers who have tried Visium and haven't upgraded to CytAssist yet. In addition, we believe there are many thousands more who are well positioned to adopt Visium and CytAssist in the future.
With CytAssist as the foundation, we continue to invest and innovate in the Visium franchise. Last quarter, we launched our Visium-CytAssist gene and protein expression assay, which enables researchers to combine whole transcriptome spatial analysis with high-plex protein detection and H&E staining, all on the same tissue section.
In addition, we're excited about all of the progress we are making on this Visium HD, which will bring single cell scale resolution to unbiased spatial discovery. We said before, this is one of the hardest and most ambitious projects we've ever taken on. Our teams have been working hard to deliver a fantastic product and our recent momentum has been driven in part by an acquisition we made earlier this year to accelerate the scaling manufacturing of Visium HD.
We see this investment as an important enabler for delivering a superior quality product with superior economics at scale. Our team is generating absolutely breathtaking Visium Howdens data across various human and mouse tissues. We've shared some of these stunning images with customers during our spatial world tour events, which is fueling even more excitement for this highly anticipated new offering. We look forward to sharing more updates as we get closer to launch.
With the products and pipeline that we have in both our Visium and Xenium platforms, it's easy to see why we're so bullish about the opportunity ahead in spatial. It's also exciting when researchers combine our single cell and spatial portfolios in network. We recently partnered with a biotech company that selected the Chromium and Visium platforms for a large-scale translational study involving many thousands of tumor samples. We believe this collaboration will result in clinically significant discoveries that should transform how we diagnose, treat and ultimately cure cancer. This is just 1 of a number of examples that show how our customers are leveraging the power and potential of the full 10x portfolio to advance human health.
Now I'd like to share more about Chromium, a clear leader in single cell analysis. In the third quarter, Chromium largely remained a regional story as we continue to navigate headwinds in China that pressure our global growth rates. As a result, worldwide Chromium revenue was flat during the quarter. In the Americas and EMEA, year-to-date Chromium growth was in the low teens. However, we still believe Chromium has the potential for far more. There are 3 key points to make related to Chromium's performance.
First, we strongly believe in the tremendous potential of the Chromium franchise and intend to fully capture the significant untapped opportunity that's still ahead. The cell is the fundamental unit of biology. The vast majority of biological research that could benefit from single cell measurements doesn't yet.
We see this as we talk to new prospective customers intrigued about the potential of single cell. We see this when we talk to long-term users who are keen to scale up their studies. We see this when we talk to translational customers who are looking to unlock the biology hidden in their biobank samples. We have an incredible roadmap of upcoming product launches that will take the entire Chromium franchise to the next level, raising the bar on performance and with the economics to drive broader adoption.
Second, we intentionally prioritized the Xenium product launch this year. The entire company has been intensely focused on ensuring the success of our customers with this game-changing product and the results speak for themselves. We knew this decision potentially carried some risk as less of our focus was on driving Chromium growth. We're confident it was the right decision to make, particularly as we look long term. We expect more balance moving forward which will help us deliver on Chromium's full potential.
Finally, as excited and confident as we are about the Chromium opportunity ahead, our strategy has always been about the power of our full portfolio, offering a comprehensive suite of products that will enable researchers, and eventually clinicians, to interrogate biology in a way that's best for their work.
In the near term, this may mean there is some trade-offs in lab resources, mind share and even budgets among the most cutting-edge researchers. In the long term, we see the opportunity for tremendous growth across the combination of our platforms, driven by the vast unmet needs in addressing the complexity of biology.
Our goal is to enable more researchers to do more single cell work and to use more samples in a process. Our exciting and robust new product roadmap is built around this imperative with several planned launches intended to open up larger studies and make single cell analysis more routine.
Two recent announcements highlight additional capabilities we are bringing to the Chromium platform. In September, we launched our new high-throughput feature barcode multiomic profiling kit on the Flex platform. This offering enables researchers to gain more insights from a single experiment by detecting simultaneous gene and protein expression with the ability to run multiomic million-cell experiments at a significantly lower price point.
This launch is part of our long-term plan to broaden the menu of applications available on the Flex portfolio. In addition, we recently partnered with Beckman Coulter Life Sciences to expand our automation solutions for single cell assay workflows. As part of this agreement, we'll develop dedicated kits for using Beckman Coulter's broad installed base of automated liquid handlers.
Not only have we worked in to enable more samples for single cell analysis. We're also working to enable more applications. We have established strong beachheads in translational and biopharma, but it's still very early relative to the expected large potential. We've seen a number of recent customer publications that demonstrate the promise of single cell tools on the future of drug development and clinical care.
On our blog, we recently highlighted a Phase II clinical trial that leveraged single cell analysis to study the efficacy of a combination therapy in a group of patients with a mutated metastatic colon cancer. Single cell data and correlated patient outcomes suggested the therapy was expected to extend progression-free survival in some patients, likely as a result of upregulating immune-related genes in tumor cells.
In September, MIT Research has published several papers using 10x products to rebuild the transcriptomic and epigenomic changes that occur as Alzheimer's disease progresses. In one study, researchers use Chromium to analyze more than 2 million nuclei, isolated from more than 400 patients with varying degrees in clinical stages of Alzheimer's, producing the most detailed single-cell atlas of Alzheimer's disease and on covering cell subtypes and pathways associated with cognitive resilience.
And also this quarter, researchers at UCLA published work in the Journal of Clinical Investigation to explain why immunotherapy is more effective for certain brain cancers than others. This study highlighted how Chromium and Visium are being used in parallel to make new discoveries that can transform the future of cancer care. Examples like these energize and inspire our team as we push towards our mission and work to bring the future forward.
I'm so proud of our team's continued execution and dedication. We like to say we're obsessed with customer success. That's evident in everything we do from our innovation engine to our manufacturing ramp to our field and commercial teams working tirelessly to support our customers in their groundbreaking research.
As we look ahead to 2024, I'm very excited about the robust pipeline of new product launches we have planned in all 3 platforms. We can't wait to see how researchers use these new tools with even higher levels of scale and resolution to fuel the next scientific discoveries. And we'll continue our focus on operating with ever higher levels of rigor, discipline and clock speed, dialing up both our efficiency and effectiveness to be in the best possible position for all of the incredible opportunities ahead. We believe single cell and spatial are the future, and we have every intent to be the company that delivers on that future.
With that, let me turn it over to Justin for more detail on our financials.
Justin J. McAnear
Thank you, Serge. I'll start by reviewing our financial results for the 3 months ended September 30, 2023, then I'll provide an update on our outlook for 2023. To summarize, from an income statement standpoint, we saw exceptional performance from Xenium, which was above our expectations. And given its effect on product mix, this had a negative impact on overall gross margins.
From a balance sheet and cash flow standpoint, we continue to be disciplined in our spending while being opportunistic on acquiring assets to accelerate our strategy. In the quarter, we closed on an acquisition which we signed earlier in the year to acquire certain intangible and other assets to accelerate our R&D pipeline. It's important to note that net of the transaction, we were operating cash flow positive and this will continue to be a focus of ours going forward.
Now on to the detailed results. Total revenue for the quarter grew 17% year-over-year to $153.6 million compared to $131.1 million for the prior year period. Looking more closely at our revenue breakdown and starting with consumables. Total consumables revenue was $114.4 million, an increase of 6% over the prior year period. Worldwide chromium consumables revenue was $100.3 million, up 2% year-over-year and spatial consumables revenue was $14.1 million, up 38% year-over-year.
Turning to instruments. Total instrument revenue was $34.9 million, an increase of 67% over the prior year period. Chromium instrument revenue was $12.2 million, down 18% year-over-year, driven primarily by lower unit volume and shifting product mix. Spatial instrument revenue was $22.7 million compared to $6 million in the third quarter of 2022. As a reminder, our Xenium instrument launched in Q4, so Xenium did not contribute to spatial instrument revenue in Q3 of last year.
Services revenue was $4.3 million, which increased 110% over the prior year period. Looking at our revenue by geography. Americas revenue was $99 million, growing 28% over the prior year period. EMEA revenue was $32 million, growing 15% over the prior year period and revenue in APAC was $22.6 million, a 12% decrease year-over-year.
We continue to face challenges in the APAC region, largely driven by China. On our last earnings call, we shared that we expected China revenue to remain flat in the back half of the year compared to Q2, which is what happened in Q3. As we continue to navigate challenges in the macro environment, we are seeing lower demand, particularly at service providers, where a large portion of our revenue is concentrated and samples are consolidated. We've been working with these service providers to better track underlying demand and smooth out ordering patterns to better control inventory levels going forward.
Turning to the rest of the income statement. Gross profit for the third quarter of 2023 was $95.5 million compared to a gross profit of $100.7 million for the prior year period. Gross margin for the third quarter was 62% compared to 77% for the third quarter of 2022. The decline in gross margin was driven by the strength of Xenium placements this quarter.
I have shared that in the early quarters of Xenium adoption, we expected overall company gross margin to trend lower as more instruments are sold given that the Xenium instrument currently carries a significantly lower margin than our other instruments. We have seen a greater impact to gross margin given the strength in our prioritization of the Xenium launch.
We plan to continue to prioritize Xenium placements over the coming quarters given the overwhelming enthusiasm we are receiving for this platform and its capabilities, which, in turn, will continue to impact gross margin in the near term. As customers ramp up their Xenium utilization, the Xenium consumables, which have a gross margin comparable to our existing products will become a larger portion of the revenue and increase our overall margin over time.
Total operating expenses for the third quarter of 2023 were $190.3 million, compared to $140.7 million for the third quarter last year. The increase was driven by $41.4 million of in-process research and development expenses related to our January 2023 agreement to acquire certain intangible and other assets. The $41.4 million includes the upfront payment of $10 million earlier this year, $31.3 million paid in Q3 upon closing and the achievement of certain milestones and $0.1 million related to adjustments for assets and liabilities acquired.
R&D expenses were $66.5 million compared to $67.3 million for the third quarter of 2022. The decrease was primarily driven by lower laboratory materials and supplies, partially offset by higher personnel expenses. SG&A expenses were $82.4 million compared to $73.4 million for the third quarter of 2022. The increase was primarily due to increased outside legal expenses and increased personnel-related expenses.
Operating loss for the third quarter of 2023 and was $94.8 million compared to a loss of $40 million for the third quarter of 2022. This includes $41.4 million of in-process research and development expense. This also includes $40.2 million of stock-based compensation compared to $33.5 million of stock-based compensation for the corresponding prior year period.
Net loss for the period was $93 million compared to a net loss of $41.9 million for the third quarter of 2022. We ended the quarter with $356.9 million in cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities net of restricted cash.
Turning to our outlook for the remainder of 2023. We are raising our guidance and now expect full year revenue to be in the range of $610 million to $625 million, representing growth of 18% to 21% over full year 2022. This compares to our previous expectation of $600 million to $620 million. Our updated guidance reflects our performance for the first 9 months of the year as well as continued Xenium momentum.
At 10x, we have a disciplined approach to spending and are continuing to execute across our business with the drive to become free cash flow positive in the near term. We still expect a significant reduction in capital expenditures in the final quarter of this year. As expected, the payments for our new facility are now substantially complete.
When looking out over the next 12 months, we are anticipating about $20 million to $25 million of total capital expenditures. In addition, relating to our acquisition, up to $15 million will be due if an additional technology development milestone is met. We also have agreed to certain milestone payments for future sales volumes if such milestones are met.
There remains a path to hitting free cash flow positive by the end of this year, and we believe it will be close. We continue to balance that goal with the investments we are making in supporting our Xenium rollout and build on the incredible momentum to date. The opportunity is huge, and we will continue to push to expand our leadership in this space.
It's also important to note that excluding the cash consideration for the aforementioned acquisition, our cumulative cash flow from operations has been positive over the last 3 quarters. Our teamwork and diligence in controlling spending while continuing to drive growth is paying off, and we will maintain this discipline heading into 2024. Overall, we have a great setup to drive positive cash flows heading into next year.
At this point, I'll turn it back to Serge.
Serge Saxonov
Thanks, Justin. Given the progress we've made executing on our 3 platform vision, my conviction in the long term is stronger than ever. There are vast opportunities before us. I believe we're still early in the Chromium opportunity and a long way from realizing the full promise of single cell. In addition, the incredible customer enthusiasm for Xenium solidifies my view that spatial has the potential to be bigger than anything in the history of the industry.
There are many reasons why I'm so bullish on what lies ahead, the fundamental performance advantages of our products, the formidable strength of our innovation engine, the scale of our operations network, the breadth of our commercial organization. But ultimately, it all comes down to the talent and tenacity of the 10x team.
Day in and day out, our team works tirelessly in pursuit of our mission, developing groundbreaking tools to transform the world's understanding of health and disease. Their relentless focus on our mission and customers are a core part of what makes 10x, 10x and why we're so well positioned to deliver on all the tremendous opportunities ahead.
With that, we will now open it up for questions. Operator?
Question and Answer Session
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Our first question comes from the line of Patrick Donnelly with Citi.
Patrick Bernard Donnelly
Serge, maybe on the Xenium piece. It sounds like the order funnel remains pretty healthy. Any metrics you can kind of throw around that? I think last quarter, you said orders outpaced placements. So anything you can share on the backlog or activity on that order side would be appreciated.
Serge Saxonov
Thanks, Patrick. Yes. So, like I said, Xenium has had tons of momentum this quarter, increasing momentum, really excited how it's been going. In particular, the performance of it in -- with customers out there in the field has been really phenomenal, and the feedback from customers has been really phenomenal. And so that has been building up to this momentum that we've been seeing, an increasing traction there in the field.
We had -- we don't comment on backlog generally. This time around, just to give a sense of the momentum. We did -- backlog increased once again. We shipped more than -- we sold more than 80 instruments and clearly showing just the trajectory here, that's really remarkable, which is what I was alluding to in my comments as well.
Patrick Bernard Donnelly
Then maybe just -- it might be for Justin. Just on the Chromium consumable side, can you just help us think about the right growth rate for the year on that front? And also just trying to think about what the exit rate is there and the implications for '24. Just the right way to think about that business as it maybe is a little bit more -- obviously more mature than Xenium. Just trying to get a good handle on the growth rate there and the right way to think about it.
Justin J. McAnear
Yes. So Chromium overall has been a regional story. And so we talked about the challenges that we've seen in China. But when looking at AMR and EMEA, you look at Chromium consumables year-to-date, they grew mid- to high teens over last year. And if you look at our updated guidance range, we're assuming at the midpoint of that range, heading into Q4 is that the existing business would exhibit the same kind of year-over-year growth rates that we saw in Q3 for AMR and EMEA and similar sequential growth rates from Q3 to Q4 that we saw last year.
Operator
Our next question is from the line of Dan Arias with Stifel.
Daniel Anthony Arias
Serge, on Xenium, can you just maybe talk to how you see the adoption curve evolving there? I mean I know we're not talking about 2024. But when you think about the next 12 to 18 months at a high level, do you see the potential for a pause as that first wave of, I guess, sophisticated users get their systems? Or does the way that the market is expanding, and I guess the way that the product is being received, does that suggest that maybe that doesn't happen?
Serge Saxonov
Yes, Dan. Good question. We hesitate to comment on 2024. Still early, obviously. But as far as the trajectory of the Xenium launch, it is clearly on a different tier compared to sort of your certainly typical launch as you alluded to this -- in the industry where you get some early adopter -- adoption and then kind of a wave and then we'll see what happens after it. This one is going on a really, really strong trajectory. And there's a lot of science of strength going forward as well.
You do have to assume that there is some amount of initial pent up demand, but overlaid on top of that, we're seeing a great sustained trajectory of customers seeing the results from the data and coming back to us and ordering more instruments and thinking of more studies and thinking of larger and larger applications. So I think -- we'll have to see how it plays out, but the early signs are quite bullish.
Daniel Anthony Arias
Okay. Fantastic. And then just maybe in the interest of keeping on top of the litigation, you've got this Delaware trial on Genomics' infringement this month. It's 1.5 weeks from now, if I'm not mistaken. Caveat there being, I know you don't get too detailed on the legal stuff, but what are your general expectations there? And then what do you think about the timing for a final ruling? And what should be keeping in mind here?
Serge Saxonov
Yes. So I hesitate to comment on any particular case. You're correct. There's a trial that's scheduled to start shortly, within a couple of weeks. I would say that we do have multiple cases going on in multiple jurisdictions on multiple products and multiple patents. So it's not really about any particular case or any particular trial.
What is important to us is that we invest a lot in innovation. We invest a lot in R&D and it's incumbent on us to protect those investments so that we can keep investing in R&D, in our products to deliver best-in-class products that our customers love.
Operator
Our next question is from the line of Kyle Mikson with Canaccord Genuity.
Kyle Alexander Mikson
Congrats on the awesome Xenium ramp. So on the -- like, spatial consumables side, it grew well in the quarter. I guess it could have expected, like, a faster kind of rates and there were the macro headwinds. Could you comment maybe, Serge, like, how Xenium utilization is trending, like, thus far? Is it close to inflecting possibly? And are people kind of slowing down or pausing ordering in front of the Visium HD launch? Because it sounds like an early '24 situation.
Serge Saxonov
So, when it comes to Xenium and utilization, it's too early to talk about patterns. We have a wide dispersion of customers and how quickly they are able to ramp. We can certainly point to examples of people who are ready to go from almost day 1, both with samples and applications. For others is going to take longer.
In particular, I'd like to remind people that this platform necessitates -- it's built around targeted panels, which means, in a lot of cases, it necessitates some amount of customization where people have to go through the process of selecting and choosing genes for gene panel to then run on the instrument.
And that means that there is a certain amount of ramp up that many customers need to go through. So early days, there are some really promising signs. Again, there are some customers that really go, run large studies at large -- in large volumes, but there's a big dispersion. So I hesitate to make a projection. It's too early at this stage.
As far as Visium is concerned, I mean, it is undoubtedly true that there's a lot of anticipation for Visium HD out there in the market. And certainly, a lot of our customers, eager to -- for that product have been holding off potentially on running the standard kits.
Kyle Alexander Mikson
Okay. That was helpful, Serge . And can you also comment on the biopharma end market, how that's going for you? Like, what percentage of revenue is at this point? How fast is it growing? And I know that, like, Connect influx were supposed to help there. Is that kind of playing out as you anticipated? And are people actually using Connect as they have it?
Serge Saxonov
So biopharma has been -- as you know, biopharma has been a relatively stable fraction of our business, in the neighborhood of 20% or so. We have seen some of, just like everywhere else, there has been a tightening of budgets in biopharma recently. Again, relatively attenuated effect on our overall business just because it is a small fraction of the business. So we'll have to see how that plays out in the future.
But as far as Connect is concerned, it has its use cases. But we've seen the -- sort of the need for automation out there, especially with pharma customers across a range of term applications and across different use cases. And with that in mind, we formed the partnership with Beckman Coulter. We provide a wide range of automation services and this should give us the means of scaling automation solutions to many, many thousands of labs that use Beckman Coulter and to many others that can adopt it gradually.
Operator
Our next question comes from the line of Dan Brennan with TD Cowen.
Daniel Gregory Brennan
Maybe just the first one, just on single cell. I think the prior guide was for high single-digit growth for the year. I'm just wondering kind of what that is now. I know, Justin, you gave some math earlier. And Serge, I believe in the prepared remarks, you discussed this more balanced growth as you reallocate resources. Just kind of wondering what that would imply as we look ahead for single cell.
Justin J. McAnear
Yes, Dan, I'll start with talking about single cell. As far as China goes, maybe I'll start there. On the last call, we shared that we thought that the back half of this year would be roughly flat to Q2. And in Q3, we saw that to be the case. But we are seeing lower demand there. And although we've been working at reducing the inventory levels, they still are higher, and we plan to reduce them even more in this next quarter.
So we're projecting that there's going to be a decline from Q3 to Q4 there. And then, like I said before, for EMEA and AMR, right now at the midpoint of the guide, we're expecting similar seasonality to what we've seen in the past. And then overall, for chromium growth year-over-year, that's a single-digit growth rate when you put all of those together, mid-single digits.
Serge Saxonov
Yes, Dan. I…
Daniel Gregory Brennan
Oh, go ahead. Sorry.
Serge Saxonov
No, I was just going to say kind of taking off in what I said earlier in my prepared remarks, we strongly believe in the single cell growth and the potential of the Chromium franchise going forward. You're right, we're going to be balancing our focus on our resources to put more emphasis, relatively speaking, on Chromium, so that should yield results. And we also have a really, really exciting product roadmap that will further take the franchise to the next level and drive more growth.
Daniel Gregory Brennan
Great. And then maybe just on spatial. It's hard -- I mean, the feedback we've gotten has been really positive, just about the market opportunity and the ultimate size of the market, but it's always hard to project out into the future and see this kind of growth keep going up and up on placements.
So I'm just wondering, from what you see today, could you just give us some sense of, like, the level of, like, placement, not necessarily a number, but like is it fair to think placements can continue to grow, certainly in like '24 and '25, without putting a number on it, like, grow year-over-year. Obviously, you're on the steep ramp now, but just to kind of help us think about how many labs would actually look to adopt spatial in the future. They're not cheap boxes, but they are offering some really unique capabilities.
Serge Saxonov
So Dan, I would think in terms of maybe 2 kind of variables as I look at this. One is just the trajectory in the moment, which is kind of like you suggested up and to the right, which gives us a good -- some amount of confidence going forward. And then I also think in terms of the potential market and the breadth of applications and experiments that people are thinking about. And that also, at this stage, is -- looks very healthy and very robust, which also makes us think bullishly about next year and beyond.
Operator
Our next question is from the line of Luke Sergott with Barclays.
Salem Salem
This is Salem on for Luke. Just wanted to start off with Chromium in China. You guys outlined or mentioned some struggles there. That's certainly not exclusive to 10x. We've been hearing that all earnings season. But I just wanted some more color how much exposure in China is kind of biopharma-related? Any more color there? And on timing, what do you think is kind of a realistic idea of when those issues will resolve themselves when you're working with your service providers?
Justin J. McAnear
Yes, this is Justin. I'll take that one. As far as our exposure in China, we mostly sell to the academic market. Our biopharma exposure there is smaller than and other companies that we've heard from. As far as the demand looking forward, I mentioned earlier that we're looking at reducing inventory going from Q3 to Q4.
We sell through distributors who sell through service providers there. They typically hold inventory. We've been working more recently to get closer with those service providers to better forecast the demand and better help them manage the inventory levels and smooth the ordering patterns out going forward.
So I hesitate to call a bottom in what we're seeing in China. But our expectation in the decline from Q3 to Q4 is mostly driven from the demand signal that we're seeing with that inventory reduction layered on top of it.
Salem Salem
Great. That's helpful. And then on prioritizing the Xenium launch, seems like that was kind of at the expense of Chromium. Could you provide a little more color there? Did that come from maybe incentives from the sales force towards placing boxes? Or any more color there? And then as you kind of balance back out and start to prioritize Chromium again, what are kind of the risks to Xenium? And then kind of lastly, on Xenium orders, how did those kind of trend through the quarter? And did those kind of outpace revenues? And that's it for me.
Serge Saxonov
Yes. So in terms of the focus on Chromium, so on the commercial -- sorry, on Xenium. So on the commercial side, there's -- it's a number of things. First of all, most directly is there are incentives to drive Xenium placements that certainly can direct it ourselves into -- to spend more attention there. We also -- we have careful tracking now of how our commercial team, where they spend the time and how they allocate their attention. And we were certainly encouraging them to make sure that the Xenium takes first priority. Also in terms of the resources in terms of marketing resources, we put a lot of that on Xenium as well. And now going forward, we're kind of rebalancing these things, both in terms of the resources, in terms of attention, in terms of incentives.
Another factor over the course of this year that has led to this dynamic is that we have built out a separate function, an overlay function in our commercial team for driving Xenium, of Xenium sales specialists. And to some extent, it takes more effort to get -- to launch a product and get it on that trajectory going forward in terms of creating the right infrastructure and creating the right trajectory of demand. And that's what we went through this past year.
Now going forward, we feel like we are over that initial hurdle, and we have the flexibility to balance our attention and our focus and put more resources now and more attention behind Chromium while at the same time, driving the rapid progress of Xenium. And so we feel good about the kind of the balance of attention going forward. But of course, we're going to need to watch it. And internally, we have a lot of metrics to help us stay very closely on top of these dynamics. And as far as Xenium traction is concerned, like I mentioned, we sold more than 80 and our -- in the meantime, our backlog grew. So we feel very good about where -- how the quarter progressed.
Operator
The next question is from the line of Tejas Savant.
Tejas Rajeev Savant
Serge, one for you on the Xenium pipeline. You mentioned the multimodal cell segmentation, the 5k plex and then the high-plex protein assay on the same tissue section. So in terms of how do you see these 3 capabilities impacting your Xenium order book next year, any color you can share there? And then just as a point of clarification, is that last one essentially true co-detection?
Serge Saxonov
True co-detection, Sorry, Tejas, I didn't get the last one. Let me answer the questions there, the product launch questions in general. Well, so I mean, first of all, just with the existing capabilities, there is, obviously, tons of demand and a lot of enthusiasm for the product as it is. And we are certainly -- we feel really, really good about the capabilities and what the customers are getting the -- from the product.
At the same time, as historically, we've always been very, very keen to listen to our customers and we stay on top of the initial feedback and react to that feedback very quickly to deliver new capabilities and to prioritize the features that customers find most valuable. And that's what we're doing again here.
That's why segmentation is coming very soon. That's why we're coming out with a large plex panel. And we are excited about co-detection of proteins on the same tissue. I think that's going to be a powerful capability. I do want to point out that if you -- one can detect proteins already using immunofluorescence on the same tissue and our customers definitely see huge value in that already.
Tejas Rajeev Savant
Got it. That's helpful, actually. And that's exactly where it's going with the co-detection bit. And then Justin, one for you on that sort of $29 million of quarter-over-quarter step-up in the fourth quarter. You talked about Americas and EMEA strength there, or rather the sequential uptick similar to last year. Is that sort of essentially year-end budget flush dynamic that you're assuming here? Or is it sort of the Xenium product cycle that underpins your confidence there? Or a bit of both?
Justin J. McAnear
Yes. Great question, Tejas. So at the midpoint of our guidance range, here's the basic assumptions, is that on the Xenium side, that we would ship/sell roughly the same amount of Xenium in Q4 than we did in Q3. And then as far as products, excluding Xenium instruments that we would have the same kind of seasonality that we've seen previously. And so that would include a year-end budget flush.
When you're looking at the range of our guidance from the low end to the high end, at the lower end would be not seeing the same kind of budget flush that we've seen before or not being able to ramp -- not being able to maintain the Xenium ramp in Q4 as we saw in Q3 for any number of issues. And then at the higher end would be over-delivering on Xenium in Q4 and perhaps seeing a stronger year-end budget flush than we've seen historically or perhaps not seeing the decline in APAC, primarily driven by China that we've got built into the midpoint.
Operator
Our next question is from the line of John Sourbeer with UBS.
John Newton Sourbeer
First one here on Chromium. Any color on where you see pricing on consumables for next year? I think you had record increases this year. Do you think you can get similar levels in 2024?
Serge Saxonov
So our plan for this year, the plan around Chromium pricing is pretty moderate price changes. Much of that is driven by the premise that there's tons and tons of potential demand in Chromium and we tend to gain a lot more, ultimate growth by increasing number of samples and increasing the number of customers. And so that's where we're going to be focused to a large extent.
John Newton Sourbeer
And then a follow-up here on Xenium. I guess, in the U.S. and APAC, where you don't have an injunction, just any color on competitive win rates there? And where do you think you're winning on what customer type or features versus competitors out there?
Serge Saxonov
Yes. So just to be clear, the Xenium traction has been really strong across the world. And in fact, it has been particularly strong in the Americas, really, really strong momentum there. And as far as where we're winning, I would say it's across the board. I mean, the big evolution over the last couple of quarters has been that the Xenium systems have been out there in the field and have been performing really well, generating awesome data and the word has been spreading more on our customers. And it's getting a lot of -- I mean, mission to our field teams now to go and talk to customers and make more sales. That has been the overwhelming story, and I don't think it's particular to any particular application or any particular geography or any particular customer type. It is really an across-the-board kind of phenomenon.
Operator
Our next question is from the line of Mason Carrico with Stephens.
Mason Owen Carrico
I'm jumping between a few calls tonight, so sorry if this has been asked. I'll just ask one here. Could you talk about your outlook for Xenium pricing going forward? Do you plan on continuing to be accommodative and somewhat flexible with pricing given the opportunity to capture these customers and kind of lock them in? Or how should we be thinking about pricing going forward?
Justin J. McAnear
Mason, I'll take that one to start. Think back to when we launched Xenium. It was a very, very competitive and still is a very competitive environment, a lot of noise out there and not a lot of data. And so we launched Xenium with introductory pricing, basically, to encourage adoption and make sure that there was less friction getting the instrument in the hands of those early users that could generate the data that could help drive future sales.
And so as time has progressed and we are starting to see more data come off the instrument, the results of the head-to-head study that we saw mentioned in the prepared remarks and other customers presenting data that they've run on their own instruments in their labs, this is really showing the true value of the platform. And so we are confident moving away from the introductory pricing at a lower price point, and we took the list price up in this past quarter.
Now the average selling price is still trending below the list price, and will continue to do so because, as you mentioned, we're very -- we are open to working with customers around packaged deals with other instruments and also taking reductions off the list price of the instrument for customers that couple that with a larger consumable order.
Operator
Our next question is from the line of Michael Ryskin with Bank of America.
Michael Leonidovich Ryskin
I'm going to ask two, hopefully, quick ones, sort of tidying up some points from earlier. One, on the gross margins and gross profit in the third quarter. I know you guys have said a number of times that it's the Xenium instrument ramp, but still, the drop off to 62% was steeper than we anticipated.
And if I just look at it on a gross profit dollar basis, sequentially, last quarter, you guys had $99.6 million, now it's $95 million. So you got $4 million less gross profit despite the higher revenues and despite Chromium essentially being flat sequentially. So I'm just trying to do the math on that. Was there some discounting in the quarter? Some inventory functions there? Or -- I just don't see how it could be -- how Xenium could be that dilutive to margins or if there's something else going on. What am I missing here?
Justin J. McAnear
Yes. Good question, Mike. When you look both year-over-year and sequentially, maybe I'll just start with you over year and then I'll get to the sequential piece. But if you look back to a year ago, and you look at the margin that we had and what we've declined to this year, practically all of that variance is due to Xenium. And so if you were to exclude Xenium and calculate the gross margin, it would be roughly the same as it was a year ago.
And so then sequentially, there's also been a mix towards Xenium instruments. There's been a mix towards more instruments overall. There's also been a mix to more -- to higher increases in the service line as well. And so when we install and train on Xenium, that portion gets booked into service, and that's also that's also lower margin as well. But nothing on -- nothing fundamentally has changed about our cost structure that would be outside of the product mix that we've talked about, driven by the increase in Xenium.
Michael Leonidovich Ryskin
Okay. All right. I'll redo the math. Again, directionally, no surprise but just surprised with the magnitude. And then follow up again on the Chromium consumables. I know you guys have been giving the sort of ex China, or specifically Americas and EMEA number. But sometimes you give the quarter and sometimes you give the year-to-date. So I think my notes got a little mixed up. Did you say that year-to-date, that Americas and EMEA growing consumables is mid- to high teens? What was it 1Q and 2Q just so we have, like, the sequential numbers? I'm just trying to see if it accelerated or decelerated as you've gone through.
Justin J. McAnear
Yes. So Mike, we provide that just to give some additional color as far as the regional breakout by product. But year-to-date chromium overall has been in the low teens, AMR EMEA. If you look at chromium consumables year-to-date, that's been in the mid- to high teens. And when you look at Q1 and Q2 this year, it was easier compares to the prior period a year ago, so those rates have increased were higher.
Operator
Our next question is from the line of Justin Bowers with Deutsche Bank.
Justin D. Bowers
So just two quick ones for me. In terms of Xenium, are you starting to see some repeat customers and the order book there? And then just taking a step back in the academic landscape, are you starting to see like -- sort of -- can you paint a picture of what sort of new core lab activity is around single cell and spatial broadly or even regionally?
Serge Saxonov
Yes, Justin. So to the first question on Xenium and whether we're seeing repeat customers, so that -- I mean, the answer is yes, for sure. Relatively speaking, is still very much new customers. That's what we're about. That's where we're focused to get sales.
But we've seen multiple instances, and this is always really gratifying when a customer has gotten their instrument. They have run their samples and then after seeing the results from those first runs, getting more -- ordering another instrument. And in fact, we've seen more examples of that when people would run studies, get biological results. And on the basis of that biology, go back and buy another Xenium, so probably the best measure of how something is performing when you see this kind of repeat business from customers. So very gratifying for us to see.
As far as, like, demand, just random or core labs, I mean, those generally tend to be fairly consistent. We do see decent adoption with the -- with core labs around the world is kind of puts and takes, some core labs have issues with having enough staff to run experiments. Some core labs have sort of other issues. But overall, no major trends to go out here.
Operator
Our next question is from the line of Rachel Vatnsdal with JPMorgan.
Rachel Marie Vatnsdal Olson
First up, I just want to clarify your comment around the 80 Xenium in this quarter. Was that comment around 80 instruments sold? Or was that more around the number of instruments shipped this quarter? And then you mentioned backlog grew for Xenium. So how long is the backlog at this point?
Justin J. McAnear
Rachel, this is Justin. We -- yes, so that's what we shipped this quarter was over -- we shipped over 80 Xenium. We sold over 80 Xenium and we grew the backlog on top of that.
Rachel Marie Vatnsdal Olson
Okay. That's helpful. And then just on China, can you walk us through how the region trended really throughout the quarter? Also, how has October trended relative to September and the rest of 3Q?And then can you just frame up some potential scenarios for China for 2024 next year? Is it really possible for that region to hold flat without any stimulus support? And that's it for me.
Justin J. McAnear
As far as how China has trended throughout Q3, I think it came in line generally with what we called out in our last earnings call when we said that we expected China in Q3 and Q4 to be roughly flat to Q2, and that's how it came in. Ordering patterns in China just due to the consolidation of volumes through distributors and service providers can be somewhat lumpy.
As far as looking at Q4, from the demand signal that we're seeing, we are calling a decline right now going from Q3 into Q4. but that is mostly driven with our targeted inventory reductions that we're driving with the service providers. So the actual demand, at least from what we can tell right now, is more than we expect that our revenues in Q4 would reflect.
Rachel Marie Vatnsdal Olson
Great. And then just the frame up on 2024 for China?
Justin J. McAnear
Well, like I said, hesitate to call the bottom right now. So we'll have to see on 2024. We'll have to see how the rest of Q4 progresses.
Operator
Our final question for today will come from the line of Matt Sykes from Goldman Sachs.
Unidentified Analyst
This is [Ivy] on for Matt. You gave some color on competition and wins with Xenium, but are there any changes to the environment within Chromium, maybe, within the different regions and customer types?
Serge Saxonov
Yes. I don't think there's anything in particular that's material that has changed in the Chromium business. We see -- the environments are only -- the CapEx environment has been tighter recently for sure, especially outside of the U.S., and we're definitely seeing the effects of that. Again, I think there's sort of the underlying demand on the Xenium side has kind of broken through a lot of that, but we do see the CapEx constraints manifesting themselves out there.
There's also -- biopharma has been somewhat pressured and we're seeing some impact from that. We saw it in Q3 like we're seeing it in Q4 as well. But overall, I wouldn't call out any other really big trends on the Chromium side.
Unidentified Analyst
Okay. Great. That's helpful. And then on Xenium pricing, I know you said you increased your list price. But could you talk through when you might start to roll off some of the discounts in the Xenium instruments? Or do you see that continuing for the near future?
Justin J. McAnear
We're always open to working with customers to get an instrument in their hand and get them using that instrument. As we've talked about before, the strategy and the value with Xenium is the consumable revenue streams. And so if we compare an order for an instrument with a larger consumable order, we'll take a deeper discount on the instrument just to get that out there and get that instrument being used.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, that will conclude today's 10x Genomics Third Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. Thank you all for attending. Have a great night.